Digestion and Excretion WS

What is the digestive tract? a long tube with food first entering at the mouth.

What happens to undigested materials in the digestive tract? continues along the tube until it exits at the anus.

Sketch the path that food takes through the digestive tract. Be sure to include the mouth, esophagus, stomach, duodenum, small intestine, appendix, large intestine rectum, and all 4 sphincters.

What is the function of the mouth in the digestion process? food enters through the mouth

What is the term for the small mass of food that enters into the esophagus? bolus

What triggers peristalsis?the presence of the bolus in the esophagus triggers peristalsis.

What is the function of the cardiac sphincter? closes the entrance of stomach to prevents food from reentering the esophagus

What is the mucous membrane? digestive tract

How long is the small intestine? 20 feet

Where does most digestion and absorption of nutrients take place? small intestine

What increase the surface area of the small intestine? villi

What is the first section of the small intestine? What is its function? duodenum. the receptors can detect the presence of hypo and hypertonic solutions.

Where is bile stored? gallbladder

What is segmentation? Grabbing a tube tightly at various places around the middle and squeezing so that its contents are broken into smaller pieces.

When does the ileocecal sphincter open? when the amount of food in the small intestine begins to build up, the sphincter opens to let it through.

What is the function of the anal sphincter? stops waste from leaving the body until you want it to.

What is the function of the appendix in humans? serves no apparent function and sometimes gets infected and has to removed.

Where does digestion begin? mouthWhat is gastric juice made of? hydrochloric acid, and enzymes

Where are enzymes released in the small intestine produced? Pancreas

What is the function of the following enzymes: amylase, lactase, maltase, sucrase, and lipase? they break apart lactose, maltose and sucrose respectivelyThere are two ways that nutrients get into the blood stream.

Describe each method. diffuse across the intestinal membrane and into the blood by flowing along the concentration gradient