Digestive Questions
1. What is digestive tract?Answer: a long continuos tube with food first entering it at the mouth.
What happens to undigested materials in the digestive tract?Answer: continues along the tube until it exits at the anus.
What is the function of the mouth in the digestion process?Answer: food enters through the mouth
What is the term for the small mass of food that enters into the esophagus?Answer: bolus
What triggers peristalsisAnswer: the presence of the bolus in the esophagus triggers peristalsis.
What is the function of the cardiac sphincter?Answer: closes the entrance to the stomach and prevents its contents from reentering the esophagus
What is the mucous membrane?Answer: digestive tract
How long is the small intestineAnswer: 20 feet long
Where does most digestion and absorption of nutrients take place?Answer: small intestine
What increase the surface area of the small intestine?Answer: villi
What is the first section of the small intestine? What is its function?Answer: duodenum, the duodenum is very sensitive area of the digestive tract. Its receptors can detect the presence of hypo and hypertonic solutions.
Where is vile storedAnswer: gallbladder
What is segmentation?Grabbing a tube tightly at various places around the middle and squeezing so that its contents are broken into smaller pieces.
When does the ileocecal sphincter open?Answer: when the amount of food in the small intestine begins to build up, the sphincter opens to let it through.
What is the function of the anal sphincter?Answer: stops waste from leaving the body until you want it to.
What is the function of the appendix in humans?Answer: serves no apparent function in man and which sometimes becomes infected and must be removed.
Where does digestion begin?Answer: in the mouth
What is gastric juice made of?Answer: hydrochloric acid, and enzymes
Where are enzymes released in the small intestine produced?Answer: Pancreas
What is the function of the following enzymes, anaylase, lactose, maltase, etcAnswer: they break apart lactose, maltose and sucrose respectivelyThere are two ways that nutrients get into the blood stream.Answer: diffuse across the intestinal membrane and into the blood simply by flowing along the concentration gradient.
Monday, November 19, 2007
Monday, November 12, 2007
Part 1
I think that this story is true about the catching the virus. When you catch the chickenpox you don’t catch them any more, cause you only catch a virus one time. Like a cold you only can catch it 101 times, cause every time you catch a cold is a different kind. If you think about every cold that catch feels different and it’s coming from a different virus every time. If the system has a disease it takes a while for it to recognized it, but when it recognized it destroy it so it want come back.
Why is this article significant to you?
This is a good article because it teaches you about a lot of things. Like I did know that when you catch a cold it’s a different cold. The article said that you could only catch a cold 101 times out of your life. I didn’t know that herpes and chickenpox is in the same
Part 2
How does the flu build a resistance to drug treatment?The flu builds a resistance by constantly changing. Some versions are the flu are combated and eliminated, leaving the stronger version of the flu. These stronger versions are more resistance. The stronger versions, which are already, resist common medication, then multiply and change further, which increases the resistance even more. In this time the variations of the flu that initially were susceptible to medication also evolve. (Not all of it is ever wiped out) They mutate into a completely different virus that could also become resistant to medication.
Why is the build up of resistance to an anti-flu drug referred to as evolving?It is referred to evolving because that is basically what is happening. The resistance is caused by virus mutation. The viruses constantly are changing, or evolving, into variations of the virus. This creates probably for anti-flu medication because it is hard to fight something that keeps changing. The flu is adapting to survive anti-flu medication.
This article named Tamiflu and Relenza as anti-flu medications. How do these drug "get rid" of the flu virus? Tamiflu acts to prevet viral reproduction of the flu. It works to stop an enzyme called neuraminidase. Supposedly stopping this enzyme prevents the flu from reproducing into your blood stream. The fewer flu viruses you have in your body the better you feel. Relenza also targets Neuraminidase. It removes the sialic acid receptors and also newly formed viral particles. This prevents the flu from spreading.
Can antibiotics be prescribed to treat the flu? Why or Why not?Antibiotics should not be used to treat the flu because they are developed for fighting bacterial infections, not viral infections. The flu is a virus therefore anti-biotics would not harm it. Using antibiotics too often forces your body to build a resistance, which could harm you when you actually need antibiotics.
Part 3
My story was about get your flu shot for the year, and how they trying to make if you are old then the age of nine you can get two shots a year. If you are scared of needles they have something in a nasal spray and you can use it once a year. In the story it told me the important facts about the flu, like 200,000 was hospitalized and 36,000 died from the flu.
I think that this story is true about the catching the virus. When you catch the chickenpox you don’t catch them any more, cause you only catch a virus one time. Like a cold you only can catch it 101 times, cause every time you catch a cold is a different kind. If you think about every cold that catch feels different and it’s coming from a different virus every time. If the system has a disease it takes a while for it to recognized it, but when it recognized it destroy it so it want come back.
Why is this article significant to you?
This is a good article because it teaches you about a lot of things. Like I did know that when you catch a cold it’s a different cold. The article said that you could only catch a cold 101 times out of your life. I didn’t know that herpes and chickenpox is in the same
Part 2
How does the flu build a resistance to drug treatment?The flu builds a resistance by constantly changing. Some versions are the flu are combated and eliminated, leaving the stronger version of the flu. These stronger versions are more resistance. The stronger versions, which are already, resist common medication, then multiply and change further, which increases the resistance even more. In this time the variations of the flu that initially were susceptible to medication also evolve. (Not all of it is ever wiped out) They mutate into a completely different virus that could also become resistant to medication.
Why is the build up of resistance to an anti-flu drug referred to as evolving?It is referred to evolving because that is basically what is happening. The resistance is caused by virus mutation. The viruses constantly are changing, or evolving, into variations of the virus. This creates probably for anti-flu medication because it is hard to fight something that keeps changing. The flu is adapting to survive anti-flu medication.
This article named Tamiflu and Relenza as anti-flu medications. How do these drug "get rid" of the flu virus? Tamiflu acts to prevet viral reproduction of the flu. It works to stop an enzyme called neuraminidase. Supposedly stopping this enzyme prevents the flu from reproducing into your blood stream. The fewer flu viruses you have in your body the better you feel. Relenza also targets Neuraminidase. It removes the sialic acid receptors and also newly formed viral particles. This prevents the flu from spreading.
Can antibiotics be prescribed to treat the flu? Why or Why not?Antibiotics should not be used to treat the flu because they are developed for fighting bacterial infections, not viral infections. The flu is a virus therefore anti-biotics would not harm it. Using antibiotics too often forces your body to build a resistance, which could harm you when you actually need antibiotics.
Part 3
My story was about get your flu shot for the year, and how they trying to make if you are old then the age of nine you can get two shots a year. If you are scared of needles they have something in a nasal spray and you can use it once a year. In the story it told me the important facts about the flu, like 200,000 was hospitalized and 36,000 died from the flu.
Wednesday, November 7, 2007
Integumentary Study Question in Text
3. As a rule, a superficial particle- thickness burn is more painful than one involving deeper tissues. How would you explain this observation.
Superficial burn is near the surface and the deeper tissue.
6. How would you explain to an athlete the importance of keeping the body hydrated when exercising in warm weather? Exercise in the summer would be putting them at risk of Hanes a heart stroke so they should always drink water and Gatorade so they wouldn’t let dehydrated
8. How is skin peeling after a sever sunburn protective? How might a fever be protective?Answer: when the skin peels the wound can heal and new skin can form.
Review Exercises
1. List six functions of skin.Answer: Protective covering, helps regulate body temperature, houses sensory receptors, synthesizes chemicals, and excretes waste.
2. Distinguish between the epidermis and the dermis.Answer: Epidermis- outer epithelial layer of the skin, Dermis- The thick layer of skin beneath the epidermis.
3. Describe the Subcutaneous layer.Answer: Beneath the skin
4. List the layers of the epidermisAnswer: Squamous epithelium, Stratum basale.
5. Distinguish between a hair and a hair follicle.Answer: A hair is something that appears everywhere on the body, a hair follicle is a tubelike depression in the skin in which a hair develops.
6. Describe how nails are formed?Answer: they are produced by epidermal cells that under go keratinization.
7. Explain the function of sebaceous glands.Answer: to produce oils
8. Describe the body’s response to decreasing body temperature.Answer: blood vessels constrict, causing the skin to lose color, and sweat glands become inactive.
9. Describe three physiological factors that affect skin color.Answer: Each person inherits genes for melanin production, Dark skin is due to genes that cause large amounts of melanin to be produced; lighter skin is due to genes that cause lesser amounts of melanin to form. Mutant genes may cause a lack of melanin in the skin.
10. Distinguish among first second and third degree burns.Answer: first degree- only the epidermis, second degree- all epidermis and some dermis, third degree- destroys epidermis and dermis
11. Describe possible treatments for a third- degree burnAnswer: surgery in a burn unit.
12. list three effects of aging on skin.Answer: age spots, liver spots , wrinkling and sagging.
3. As a rule, a superficial particle- thickness burn is more painful than one involving deeper tissues. How would you explain this observation.
Superficial burn is near the surface and the deeper tissue.
6. How would you explain to an athlete the importance of keeping the body hydrated when exercising in warm weather? Exercise in the summer would be putting them at risk of Hanes a heart stroke so they should always drink water and Gatorade so they wouldn’t let dehydrated
8. How is skin peeling after a sever sunburn protective? How might a fever be protective?Answer: when the skin peels the wound can heal and new skin can form.
Review Exercises
1. List six functions of skin.Answer: Protective covering, helps regulate body temperature, houses sensory receptors, synthesizes chemicals, and excretes waste.
2. Distinguish between the epidermis and the dermis.Answer: Epidermis- outer epithelial layer of the skin, Dermis- The thick layer of skin beneath the epidermis.
3. Describe the Subcutaneous layer.Answer: Beneath the skin
4. List the layers of the epidermisAnswer: Squamous epithelium, Stratum basale.
5. Distinguish between a hair and a hair follicle.Answer: A hair is something that appears everywhere on the body, a hair follicle is a tubelike depression in the skin in which a hair develops.
6. Describe how nails are formed?Answer: they are produced by epidermal cells that under go keratinization.
7. Explain the function of sebaceous glands.Answer: to produce oils
8. Describe the body’s response to decreasing body temperature.Answer: blood vessels constrict, causing the skin to lose color, and sweat glands become inactive.
9. Describe three physiological factors that affect skin color.Answer: Each person inherits genes for melanin production, Dark skin is due to genes that cause large amounts of melanin to be produced; lighter skin is due to genes that cause lesser amounts of melanin to form. Mutant genes may cause a lack of melanin in the skin.
10. Distinguish among first second and third degree burns.Answer: first degree- only the epidermis, second degree- all epidermis and some dermis, third degree- destroys epidermis and dermis
11. Describe possible treatments for a third- degree burnAnswer: surgery in a burn unit.
12. list three effects of aging on skin.Answer: age spots, liver spots , wrinkling and sagging.
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