Wednesday, December 19, 2007
Monday, December 17, 2007
Digestion and Excretion WS
What is the digestive tract? a long tube with food first entering at the mouth.
What happens to undigested materials in the digestive tract? continues along the tube until it exits at the anus.
Sketch the path that food takes through the digestive tract. Be sure to include the mouth, esophagus, stomach, duodenum, small intestine, appendix, large intestine rectum, and all 4 sphincters.
What is the function of the mouth in the digestion process? food enters through the mouth
What is the term for the small mass of food that enters into the esophagus? bolus
What triggers peristalsis?the presence of the bolus in the esophagus triggers peristalsis.
What is the function of the cardiac sphincter? closes the entrance of stomach to prevents food from reentering the esophagus
What is the mucous membrane? digestive tract
How long is the small intestine? 20 feet
Where does most digestion and absorption of nutrients take place? small intestine
What increase the surface area of the small intestine? villi
What is the first section of the small intestine? What is its function? duodenum. the receptors can detect the presence of hypo and hypertonic solutions.
Where is bile stored? gallbladder
What is segmentation? Grabbing a tube tightly at various places around the middle and squeezing so that its contents are broken into smaller pieces.
When does the ileocecal sphincter open? when the amount of food in the small intestine begins to build up, the sphincter opens to let it through.
What is the function of the anal sphincter? stops waste from leaving the body until you want it to.
What is the function of the appendix in humans? serves no apparent function and sometimes gets infected and has to removed.
Where does digestion begin? mouthWhat is gastric juice made of? hydrochloric acid, and enzymes
Where are enzymes released in the small intestine produced? Pancreas
What is the function of the following enzymes: amylase, lactase, maltase, sucrase, and lipase? they break apart lactose, maltose and sucrose respectivelyThere are two ways that nutrients get into the blood stream.
Describe each method. diffuse across the intestinal membrane and into the blood by flowing along the concentration gradient
What happens to undigested materials in the digestive tract? continues along the tube until it exits at the anus.
Sketch the path that food takes through the digestive tract. Be sure to include the mouth, esophagus, stomach, duodenum, small intestine, appendix, large intestine rectum, and all 4 sphincters.
What is the function of the mouth in the digestion process? food enters through the mouth
What is the term for the small mass of food that enters into the esophagus? bolus
What triggers peristalsis?the presence of the bolus in the esophagus triggers peristalsis.
What is the function of the cardiac sphincter? closes the entrance of stomach to prevents food from reentering the esophagus
What is the mucous membrane? digestive tract
How long is the small intestine? 20 feet
Where does most digestion and absorption of nutrients take place? small intestine
What increase the surface area of the small intestine? villi
What is the first section of the small intestine? What is its function? duodenum. the receptors can detect the presence of hypo and hypertonic solutions.
Where is bile stored? gallbladder
What is segmentation? Grabbing a tube tightly at various places around the middle and squeezing so that its contents are broken into smaller pieces.
When does the ileocecal sphincter open? when the amount of food in the small intestine begins to build up, the sphincter opens to let it through.
What is the function of the anal sphincter? stops waste from leaving the body until you want it to.
What is the function of the appendix in humans? serves no apparent function and sometimes gets infected and has to removed.
Where does digestion begin? mouthWhat is gastric juice made of? hydrochloric acid, and enzymes
Where are enzymes released in the small intestine produced? Pancreas
What is the function of the following enzymes: amylase, lactase, maltase, sucrase, and lipase? they break apart lactose, maltose and sucrose respectivelyThere are two ways that nutrients get into the blood stream.
Describe each method. diffuse across the intestinal membrane and into the blood by flowing along the concentration gradient
Basic Urinary Worksheet
Basic urinary worksheet
What are three functions of the kidneys? filters all matter from blood not just waste, selectively reabsorbs all substances that the body can make use of, eliminates waste product in blood in the form of urine
What is the protective layer around the kidney? peri-renal capsule
What is the outer layer of the kidney? cortex
What is the urine collection system of the kidney? medulla
What is the dilated end of the ureters called? pelvis
What is the function of the bladder? to store urine
What transports urine in males? Females? urethra
What are three functions of the kidneys? filters all matter from blood not just waste, selectively reabsorbs all substances that the body can make use of, eliminates waste product in blood in the form of urine
What is the protective layer around the kidney? peri-renal capsule
What is the outer layer of the kidney? cortex
What is the urine collection system of the kidney? medulla
What is the dilated end of the ureters called? pelvis
What is the function of the bladder? to store urine
What transports urine in males? Females? urethra
Thursday, December 6, 2007
Definitions
Corpus luteum: A small yellow structure developing within the ruptured ovarian follicle after the egg has been released.
epididymis: a coiled tube attached to the back of each testis where sperm mature
gonad: an organ that produces gametes (ova and sperm
meiosis: cell division by which eggs and sperm are produced.
oocyte: Unfertilized egg cell
ovary: female gonad which manufactures estrogens and eggs
scrotum: The sac of skin that surrounds the testicles.
seminiferous tubule: any of the numerous long convoluted tubules in the testis which are the sites where spermatozoa mature
testis: a male's testes are located in a pouch that hangs suspended outside his body. The testes produce testosterone and sperm
vulva : The external female genital organs, including the clitoris, vaginal lips and the opening to the vagina.
Blastocyst: The preimplantation embryo of mammals consisting of a sphere of cells with an outer cell layer that forms the placenta and a cluster of cells on the interior called the inner cell mass that forms the embryo.
Embryo: In humans, the developing individual from the time of implantation to about the end of the second month after conception
fetus: An animal in the later stage of development before birth. In humans, the fetal stage is the from the end of the third month until birth
implantation: The embedding of the fertilized egg in the endometrium of the uterus.Lactation: Secretion or formation of milk by the mammary glands.
Umbilical cord: the cord that connects the fetus to the maternal placenta, providing nutrients and removing wastes
yolk sac: where the embryo develops
zygote: A cell formed by the union of two gametes
ultrasound: A procedure in which high-energy sound waves are bounced off internal tissues or organs and make echoes.
epididymis: a coiled tube attached to the back of each testis where sperm mature
gonad: an organ that produces gametes (ova and sperm
meiosis: cell division by which eggs and sperm are produced.
oocyte: Unfertilized egg cell
ovary: female gonad which manufactures estrogens and eggs
scrotum: The sac of skin that surrounds the testicles.
seminiferous tubule: any of the numerous long convoluted tubules in the testis which are the sites where spermatozoa mature
testis: a male's testes are located in a pouch that hangs suspended outside his body. The testes produce testosterone and sperm
vulva : The external female genital organs, including the clitoris, vaginal lips and the opening to the vagina.
Blastocyst: The preimplantation embryo of mammals consisting of a sphere of cells with an outer cell layer that forms the placenta and a cluster of cells on the interior called the inner cell mass that forms the embryo.
Embryo: In humans, the developing individual from the time of implantation to about the end of the second month after conception
fetus: An animal in the later stage of development before birth. In humans, the fetal stage is the from the end of the third month until birth
implantation: The embedding of the fertilized egg in the endometrium of the uterus.Lactation: Secretion or formation of milk by the mammary glands.
Umbilical cord: the cord that connects the fetus to the maternal placenta, providing nutrients and removing wastes
yolk sac: where the embryo develops
zygote: A cell formed by the union of two gametes
ultrasound: A procedure in which high-energy sound waves are bounced off internal tissues or organs and make echoes.
Wednesday, December 5, 2007
Reproductive Study Questions
Pages 938 and 939Critical Thinking Questions: 4, 7
What effect would it have on a woman's menstrual cycles if a single ovary were removed surgically? What effect would it have if both ovaries were removed. I think that it would cause early menopause becuase of the lack of hormones. I think it would cause much confusion?
What types of contraceptives provide the greatest protection against sexually transmitted diseases? Condoms.Review Exercises: 1, 7, 8, 10, 11, 20, 29, 33, 38, 40, 49, 54, 58, 61, 62, 63
List the general functions of the male reproductive system.THey are specialized to produce and maintain sperm, they also transport these cells to the female reproductive tract
Outtline the process of meiosis.Prophase I ----> Metaphase I -----> Anaphase I -----> Telophase I.
List two ways that meiosis provides genetic variability.Any one of a persons more than 8 million possible combinations of 23 chromosomes can combine with any of one of the more than 6 million combinations of his or her mate. Crossing over is another way to create genetic variability
Describe a sperm cell. a tiny, tadpole-shaped structure.Describe the epididymis, and explain its function.A tightly coiled threadlike tube about 6 meters long. Sperm mature in the epididymis.
Explain the mechanism that produces an erection of the penis.Parasymathetic nerve impulses release vasodilator nitric oxide, which causes the arteries leading into the penis to dilate, increasing blood flow into erectile tissues.
List the general functions of the female reproductive system.Are specialized to produce and maintain egg cells, also to transport these cells to the site of fertilization, and to provide a favorable enviroment for a develeloping offspring. Also to move the offspring outside, and produce female sex hormones.
Describe the structure of an ovary.Solid ovoid structures measuring about 3.5 centimeters in length.Define ovulation.As a follicle matures, its primary oocyte undergoes meiosis I, giving rise to a secondary oocyte and a first polar body. This is called ovulation.
Describe the structure of the uterus.A hollow, muscular organ, shaped like an inverted pear.Define menstrual cycle. Regular recurring changes in the endometrium, which culminate in menstrual bleeding.
Describe the process of fertilization.WHen a sperm reaches a seondary oocyte it invades the follicular cells that adhere to the oocytes surface. An enzyme is released that helps the sperm penetrate the zona pellucida.
Discuss the events that occur during the birth process.Muscular contractions force the fetus through the birth canal. Rhythmic contractions that begin at the top of the uterus and travel down its length force the contents of the uterus towards the cervix. THe head stretches the cervix, upon pushing against the cervix reflex stimulates stronger labor contractions. The placenta comes out after the birth.
Define contraception. A way to prevent pregnancy.List several methods of contraception, and explain how each prevents pregnancy.Condoms - keeps sperm out of vaginaBirth control pill- Prevents ovulation and implantationWithdrawal - Removal of penis before ejaculation.List several sexually transmitted diseases.Genital herpesGenital wartsGonorrheaSyphillisAids
Pages 938 and 939Critical Thinking Questions: 4, 7
What effect would it have on a woman's menstrual cycles if a single ovary were removed surgically? What effect would it have if both ovaries were removed. I think that it would cause early menopause becuase of the lack of hormones. I think it would cause much confusion?
What types of contraceptives provide the greatest protection against sexually transmitted diseases? Condoms.Review Exercises: 1, 7, 8, 10, 11, 20, 29, 33, 38, 40, 49, 54, 58, 61, 62, 63
List the general functions of the male reproductive system.THey are specialized to produce and maintain sperm, they also transport these cells to the female reproductive tract
Outtline the process of meiosis.Prophase I ----> Metaphase I -----> Anaphase I -----> Telophase I.
List two ways that meiosis provides genetic variability.Any one of a persons more than 8 million possible combinations of 23 chromosomes can combine with any of one of the more than 6 million combinations of his or her mate. Crossing over is another way to create genetic variability
Describe a sperm cell. a tiny, tadpole-shaped structure.Describe the epididymis, and explain its function.A tightly coiled threadlike tube about 6 meters long. Sperm mature in the epididymis.
Explain the mechanism that produces an erection of the penis.Parasymathetic nerve impulses release vasodilator nitric oxide, which causes the arteries leading into the penis to dilate, increasing blood flow into erectile tissues.
List the general functions of the female reproductive system.Are specialized to produce and maintain egg cells, also to transport these cells to the site of fertilization, and to provide a favorable enviroment for a develeloping offspring. Also to move the offspring outside, and produce female sex hormones.
Describe the structure of an ovary.Solid ovoid structures measuring about 3.5 centimeters in length.Define ovulation.As a follicle matures, its primary oocyte undergoes meiosis I, giving rise to a secondary oocyte and a first polar body. This is called ovulation.
Describe the structure of the uterus.A hollow, muscular organ, shaped like an inverted pear.Define menstrual cycle. Regular recurring changes in the endometrium, which culminate in menstrual bleeding.
Describe the process of fertilization.WHen a sperm reaches a seondary oocyte it invades the follicular cells that adhere to the oocytes surface. An enzyme is released that helps the sperm penetrate the zona pellucida.
Discuss the events that occur during the birth process.Muscular contractions force the fetus through the birth canal. Rhythmic contractions that begin at the top of the uterus and travel down its length force the contents of the uterus towards the cervix. THe head stretches the cervix, upon pushing against the cervix reflex stimulates stronger labor contractions. The placenta comes out after the birth.
Define contraception. A way to prevent pregnancy.List several methods of contraception, and explain how each prevents pregnancy.Condoms - keeps sperm out of vaginaBirth control pill- Prevents ovulation and implantationWithdrawal - Removal of penis before ejaculation.List several sexually transmitted diseases.Genital herpesGenital wartsGonorrheaSyphillisAids
Menstrual Hormonal Control
What is a hormone?Chemicals that are produced in one part of the body and used in another
What system is responsible for the production of hormones?The Endocrine SystemSketch a picture of the female reproductive system. Include the oviduct, ovaries, uterus, cervix and vagina.
Where does the embryo undergo most of its development?Uterus
What is another name for the fallopian tube?oviduct
Where does fertilization take place?oviduct, (or fallopian tubes)
What is ovulation?Changes that occur to the ovaries during the menstrual cycle
What is the follicle converted to?A Corpus Luteum
What happens during the flow phase?Hormone production stops. Uterus lining sloughs off.
What happens during the follicular phase?Follicle gets bigger and produces a hormone which makes uterus lining thicker.
What happens during the luteal phase?Follicle is converted into a corpus luteum. this makes the uterus thicken more.
What happens to the uterine lining during the first phase?It sloughs
What are the four hormones that control the menstrual cycle?LH, FSH, Progestrerone, EstrogenAs FSH increases in concentration in the blood , the follicle is?DevelopingWhen the follicle ruptures it releases what?Ova
What is considered the hormone of pregnancy?Progesterone
What is the rhythm method?Birth control in which you utry to anticipate the days of the ovulation
What do you call a couple using the rhythm method?parents...bad joke.
What is menopause? What causes it?The cessation of menstruation, The cessation of Lh.
When does fertilization occur?When the sperm and the ova combine in the oviducts
When is a zygote formed?When the sperm and the ova combine.
What is a placenta?IT transfers material between the embyro and uterus
What is a hormone?Chemicals that are produced in one part of the body and used in another
What system is responsible for the production of hormones?The Endocrine SystemSketch a picture of the female reproductive system. Include the oviduct, ovaries, uterus, cervix and vagina.
Where does the embryo undergo most of its development?Uterus
What is another name for the fallopian tube?oviduct
Where does fertilization take place?oviduct, (or fallopian tubes)
What is ovulation?Changes that occur to the ovaries during the menstrual cycle
What is the follicle converted to?A Corpus Luteum
What happens during the flow phase?Hormone production stops. Uterus lining sloughs off.
What happens during the follicular phase?Follicle gets bigger and produces a hormone which makes uterus lining thicker.
What happens during the luteal phase?Follicle is converted into a corpus luteum. this makes the uterus thicken more.
What happens to the uterine lining during the first phase?It sloughs
What are the four hormones that control the menstrual cycle?LH, FSH, Progestrerone, EstrogenAs FSH increases in concentration in the blood , the follicle is?DevelopingWhen the follicle ruptures it releases what?Ova
What is considered the hormone of pregnancy?Progesterone
What is the rhythm method?Birth control in which you utry to anticipate the days of the ovulation
What do you call a couple using the rhythm method?parents...bad joke.
What is menopause? What causes it?The cessation of menstruation, The cessation of Lh.
When does fertilization occur?When the sperm and the ova combine in the oviducts
When is a zygote formed?When the sperm and the ova combine.
What is a placenta?IT transfers material between the embyro and uterus
Male and Female reproductive
Name the three parts of the uterus and where they are located.Fundus, top, Body, middle, and cervix, bottom.
What is the female organ of copulation?The vaginaSketch a picture of the female reproductive system. Include the following: bladder, ovary, uterus, fallopian tube, urethra, vagina.
What is the male organ of copulation?the penis
What are the two functions of the urethra in the male?transport urine and semen
What are the two functions of the testes?Produce and secrete an endocrine substance
What is the name of the structure where the testes are located?scrotum
Why are the testes located outside the body?Body heat would kill the sperm
Where do sperm mature? epididymis
What is the vas deferens?tube that connects epididymis and ejaculatory duct.
What is the structure that secretes and stores a fluid releases at the time of ejaculation?seminal vesicles
What are the functions of the prostate gland?Keeps sperm mobile and protects from harmful acid in the urethra and vagina.
What is semen?made up of sperm cells
What is the female organ of copulation?The vaginaSketch a picture of the female reproductive system. Include the following: bladder, ovary, uterus, fallopian tube, urethra, vagina.
What is the male organ of copulation?the penis
What are the two functions of the urethra in the male?transport urine and semen
What are the two functions of the testes?Produce and secrete an endocrine substance
What is the name of the structure where the testes are located?scrotum
Why are the testes located outside the body?Body heat would kill the sperm
Where do sperm mature? epididymis
What is the vas deferens?tube that connects epididymis and ejaculatory duct.
What is the structure that secretes and stores a fluid releases at the time of ejaculation?seminal vesicles
What are the functions of the prostate gland?Keeps sperm mobile and protects from harmful acid in the urethra and vagina.
What is semen?made up of sperm cells
Monday, November 19, 2007
The Digestive Questions
Digestive Questions
1. What is digestive tract?Answer: a long continuos tube with food first entering it at the mouth.
What happens to undigested materials in the digestive tract?Answer: continues along the tube until it exits at the anus.
What is the function of the mouth in the digestion process?Answer: food enters through the mouth
What is the term for the small mass of food that enters into the esophagus?Answer: bolus
What triggers peristalsisAnswer: the presence of the bolus in the esophagus triggers peristalsis.
What is the function of the cardiac sphincter?Answer: closes the entrance to the stomach and prevents its contents from reentering the esophagus
What is the mucous membrane?Answer: digestive tract
How long is the small intestineAnswer: 20 feet long
Where does most digestion and absorption of nutrients take place?Answer: small intestine
What increase the surface area of the small intestine?Answer: villi
What is the first section of the small intestine? What is its function?Answer: duodenum, the duodenum is very sensitive area of the digestive tract. Its receptors can detect the presence of hypo and hypertonic solutions.
Where is vile storedAnswer: gallbladder
What is segmentation?Grabbing a tube tightly at various places around the middle and squeezing so that its contents are broken into smaller pieces.
When does the ileocecal sphincter open?Answer: when the amount of food in the small intestine begins to build up, the sphincter opens to let it through.
What is the function of the anal sphincter?Answer: stops waste from leaving the body until you want it to.
What is the function of the appendix in humans?Answer: serves no apparent function in man and which sometimes becomes infected and must be removed.
Where does digestion begin?Answer: in the mouth
What is gastric juice made of?Answer: hydrochloric acid, and enzymes
Where are enzymes released in the small intestine produced?Answer: Pancreas
What is the function of the following enzymes, anaylase, lactose, maltase, etcAnswer: they break apart lactose, maltose and sucrose respectivelyThere are two ways that nutrients get into the blood stream.Answer: diffuse across the intestinal membrane and into the blood simply by flowing along the concentration gradient.
1. What is digestive tract?Answer: a long continuos tube with food first entering it at the mouth.
What happens to undigested materials in the digestive tract?Answer: continues along the tube until it exits at the anus.
What is the function of the mouth in the digestion process?Answer: food enters through the mouth
What is the term for the small mass of food that enters into the esophagus?Answer: bolus
What triggers peristalsisAnswer: the presence of the bolus in the esophagus triggers peristalsis.
What is the function of the cardiac sphincter?Answer: closes the entrance to the stomach and prevents its contents from reentering the esophagus
What is the mucous membrane?Answer: digestive tract
How long is the small intestineAnswer: 20 feet long
Where does most digestion and absorption of nutrients take place?Answer: small intestine
What increase the surface area of the small intestine?Answer: villi
What is the first section of the small intestine? What is its function?Answer: duodenum, the duodenum is very sensitive area of the digestive tract. Its receptors can detect the presence of hypo and hypertonic solutions.
Where is vile storedAnswer: gallbladder
What is segmentation?Grabbing a tube tightly at various places around the middle and squeezing so that its contents are broken into smaller pieces.
When does the ileocecal sphincter open?Answer: when the amount of food in the small intestine begins to build up, the sphincter opens to let it through.
What is the function of the anal sphincter?Answer: stops waste from leaving the body until you want it to.
What is the function of the appendix in humans?Answer: serves no apparent function in man and which sometimes becomes infected and must be removed.
Where does digestion begin?Answer: in the mouth
What is gastric juice made of?Answer: hydrochloric acid, and enzymes
Where are enzymes released in the small intestine produced?Answer: Pancreas
What is the function of the following enzymes, anaylase, lactose, maltase, etcAnswer: they break apart lactose, maltose and sucrose respectivelyThere are two ways that nutrients get into the blood stream.Answer: diffuse across the intestinal membrane and into the blood simply by flowing along the concentration gradient.
Monday, November 12, 2007
Part 1
I think that this story is true about the catching the virus. When you catch the chickenpox you don’t catch them any more, cause you only catch a virus one time. Like a cold you only can catch it 101 times, cause every time you catch a cold is a different kind. If you think about every cold that catch feels different and it’s coming from a different virus every time. If the system has a disease it takes a while for it to recognized it, but when it recognized it destroy it so it want come back.
Why is this article significant to you?
This is a good article because it teaches you about a lot of things. Like I did know that when you catch a cold it’s a different cold. The article said that you could only catch a cold 101 times out of your life. I didn’t know that herpes and chickenpox is in the same
Part 2
How does the flu build a resistance to drug treatment?The flu builds a resistance by constantly changing. Some versions are the flu are combated and eliminated, leaving the stronger version of the flu. These stronger versions are more resistance. The stronger versions, which are already, resist common medication, then multiply and change further, which increases the resistance even more. In this time the variations of the flu that initially were susceptible to medication also evolve. (Not all of it is ever wiped out) They mutate into a completely different virus that could also become resistant to medication.
Why is the build up of resistance to an anti-flu drug referred to as evolving?It is referred to evolving because that is basically what is happening. The resistance is caused by virus mutation. The viruses constantly are changing, or evolving, into variations of the virus. This creates probably for anti-flu medication because it is hard to fight something that keeps changing. The flu is adapting to survive anti-flu medication.
This article named Tamiflu and Relenza as anti-flu medications. How do these drug "get rid" of the flu virus? Tamiflu acts to prevet viral reproduction of the flu. It works to stop an enzyme called neuraminidase. Supposedly stopping this enzyme prevents the flu from reproducing into your blood stream. The fewer flu viruses you have in your body the better you feel. Relenza also targets Neuraminidase. It removes the sialic acid receptors and also newly formed viral particles. This prevents the flu from spreading.
Can antibiotics be prescribed to treat the flu? Why or Why not?Antibiotics should not be used to treat the flu because they are developed for fighting bacterial infections, not viral infections. The flu is a virus therefore anti-biotics would not harm it. Using antibiotics too often forces your body to build a resistance, which could harm you when you actually need antibiotics.
Part 3
My story was about get your flu shot for the year, and how they trying to make if you are old then the age of nine you can get two shots a year. If you are scared of needles they have something in a nasal spray and you can use it once a year. In the story it told me the important facts about the flu, like 200,000 was hospitalized and 36,000 died from the flu.
I think that this story is true about the catching the virus. When you catch the chickenpox you don’t catch them any more, cause you only catch a virus one time. Like a cold you only can catch it 101 times, cause every time you catch a cold is a different kind. If you think about every cold that catch feels different and it’s coming from a different virus every time. If the system has a disease it takes a while for it to recognized it, but when it recognized it destroy it so it want come back.
Why is this article significant to you?
This is a good article because it teaches you about a lot of things. Like I did know that when you catch a cold it’s a different cold. The article said that you could only catch a cold 101 times out of your life. I didn’t know that herpes and chickenpox is in the same
Part 2
How does the flu build a resistance to drug treatment?The flu builds a resistance by constantly changing. Some versions are the flu are combated and eliminated, leaving the stronger version of the flu. These stronger versions are more resistance. The stronger versions, which are already, resist common medication, then multiply and change further, which increases the resistance even more. In this time the variations of the flu that initially were susceptible to medication also evolve. (Not all of it is ever wiped out) They mutate into a completely different virus that could also become resistant to medication.
Why is the build up of resistance to an anti-flu drug referred to as evolving?It is referred to evolving because that is basically what is happening. The resistance is caused by virus mutation. The viruses constantly are changing, or evolving, into variations of the virus. This creates probably for anti-flu medication because it is hard to fight something that keeps changing. The flu is adapting to survive anti-flu medication.
This article named Tamiflu and Relenza as anti-flu medications. How do these drug "get rid" of the flu virus? Tamiflu acts to prevet viral reproduction of the flu. It works to stop an enzyme called neuraminidase. Supposedly stopping this enzyme prevents the flu from reproducing into your blood stream. The fewer flu viruses you have in your body the better you feel. Relenza also targets Neuraminidase. It removes the sialic acid receptors and also newly formed viral particles. This prevents the flu from spreading.
Can antibiotics be prescribed to treat the flu? Why or Why not?Antibiotics should not be used to treat the flu because they are developed for fighting bacterial infections, not viral infections. The flu is a virus therefore anti-biotics would not harm it. Using antibiotics too often forces your body to build a resistance, which could harm you when you actually need antibiotics.
Part 3
My story was about get your flu shot for the year, and how they trying to make if you are old then the age of nine you can get two shots a year. If you are scared of needles they have something in a nasal spray and you can use it once a year. In the story it told me the important facts about the flu, like 200,000 was hospitalized and 36,000 died from the flu.
Wednesday, November 7, 2007
Integumentary Study Question in Text
3. As a rule, a superficial particle- thickness burn is more painful than one involving deeper tissues. How would you explain this observation.
Superficial burn is near the surface and the deeper tissue.
6. How would you explain to an athlete the importance of keeping the body hydrated when exercising in warm weather? Exercise in the summer would be putting them at risk of Hanes a heart stroke so they should always drink water and Gatorade so they wouldn’t let dehydrated
8. How is skin peeling after a sever sunburn protective? How might a fever be protective?Answer: when the skin peels the wound can heal and new skin can form.
Review Exercises
1. List six functions of skin.Answer: Protective covering, helps regulate body temperature, houses sensory receptors, synthesizes chemicals, and excretes waste.
2. Distinguish between the epidermis and the dermis.Answer: Epidermis- outer epithelial layer of the skin, Dermis- The thick layer of skin beneath the epidermis.
3. Describe the Subcutaneous layer.Answer: Beneath the skin
4. List the layers of the epidermisAnswer: Squamous epithelium, Stratum basale.
5. Distinguish between a hair and a hair follicle.Answer: A hair is something that appears everywhere on the body, a hair follicle is a tubelike depression in the skin in which a hair develops.
6. Describe how nails are formed?Answer: they are produced by epidermal cells that under go keratinization.
7. Explain the function of sebaceous glands.Answer: to produce oils
8. Describe the body’s response to decreasing body temperature.Answer: blood vessels constrict, causing the skin to lose color, and sweat glands become inactive.
9. Describe three physiological factors that affect skin color.Answer: Each person inherits genes for melanin production, Dark skin is due to genes that cause large amounts of melanin to be produced; lighter skin is due to genes that cause lesser amounts of melanin to form. Mutant genes may cause a lack of melanin in the skin.
10. Distinguish among first second and third degree burns.Answer: first degree- only the epidermis, second degree- all epidermis and some dermis, third degree- destroys epidermis and dermis
11. Describe possible treatments for a third- degree burnAnswer: surgery in a burn unit.
12. list three effects of aging on skin.Answer: age spots, liver spots , wrinkling and sagging.
3. As a rule, a superficial particle- thickness burn is more painful than one involving deeper tissues. How would you explain this observation.
Superficial burn is near the surface and the deeper tissue.
6. How would you explain to an athlete the importance of keeping the body hydrated when exercising in warm weather? Exercise in the summer would be putting them at risk of Hanes a heart stroke so they should always drink water and Gatorade so they wouldn’t let dehydrated
8. How is skin peeling after a sever sunburn protective? How might a fever be protective?Answer: when the skin peels the wound can heal and new skin can form.
Review Exercises
1. List six functions of skin.Answer: Protective covering, helps regulate body temperature, houses sensory receptors, synthesizes chemicals, and excretes waste.
2. Distinguish between the epidermis and the dermis.Answer: Epidermis- outer epithelial layer of the skin, Dermis- The thick layer of skin beneath the epidermis.
3. Describe the Subcutaneous layer.Answer: Beneath the skin
4. List the layers of the epidermisAnswer: Squamous epithelium, Stratum basale.
5. Distinguish between a hair and a hair follicle.Answer: A hair is something that appears everywhere on the body, a hair follicle is a tubelike depression in the skin in which a hair develops.
6. Describe how nails are formed?Answer: they are produced by epidermal cells that under go keratinization.
7. Explain the function of sebaceous glands.Answer: to produce oils
8. Describe the body’s response to decreasing body temperature.Answer: blood vessels constrict, causing the skin to lose color, and sweat glands become inactive.
9. Describe three physiological factors that affect skin color.Answer: Each person inherits genes for melanin production, Dark skin is due to genes that cause large amounts of melanin to be produced; lighter skin is due to genes that cause lesser amounts of melanin to form. Mutant genes may cause a lack of melanin in the skin.
10. Distinguish among first second and third degree burns.Answer: first degree- only the epidermis, second degree- all epidermis and some dermis, third degree- destroys epidermis and dermis
11. Describe possible treatments for a third- degree burnAnswer: surgery in a burn unit.
12. list three effects of aging on skin.Answer: age spots, liver spots , wrinkling and sagging.
Wednesday, October 31, 2007
Basic Respiratory worksheet
Respiratory
What are the two entrances for oxygen to enter the respiratory system?Nose and mouth2.
Where does the air go to from the nose and mouth?Trachea and pharynx
3. In between the pharynx and the trachea what structure does this lesson leave out?Esophagus
4. Where is the trachea located in reference to the esophagus?Lateral
5. What structures moisten the air in the Respiratory System?Mouth and nose
6. What is the name for the small air sacs at the end of the bronchioles?alveoli
7. Where does gas exchange take place in the lungs?capillaries
8. What is the main muscle of respiration? diaphragm
9. What happens when we inhale? Exhale?the diaphragm contracts, and pulls the pleural sacs.and the diaphragm relaxes, and pushes on the pleural sacs.
10. Sketch a picture of the respiratory system. Include the following structures: nose, mouth, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchus, bronchioles, alveoli and lungs.
What are the two entrances for oxygen to enter the respiratory system?Nose and mouth2.
Where does the air go to from the nose and mouth?Trachea and pharynx
3. In between the pharynx and the trachea what structure does this lesson leave out?Esophagus
4. Where is the trachea located in reference to the esophagus?Lateral
5. What structures moisten the air in the Respiratory System?Mouth and nose
6. What is the name for the small air sacs at the end of the bronchioles?alveoli
7. Where does gas exchange take place in the lungs?capillaries
8. What is the main muscle of respiration? diaphragm
9. What happens when we inhale? Exhale?the diaphragm contracts, and pulls the pleural sacs.and the diaphragm relaxes, and pushes on the pleural sacs.
10. Sketch a picture of the respiratory system. Include the following structures: nose, mouth, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchus, bronchioles, alveoli and lungs.
Wednesday, October 24, 2007
Review Exercises
Critical Thinking Questions page 579
Describe a red blood cell. They are biconcave disks, which means that they are thin near their centers and thicker around their rims
Describe the life cycle of a red blood cell. In their early states they have nuclei then they become less and less achieve when they become less achieve the spleen and the liver remove them
List two source of iron that can be used for the synthesis of hemoglobin
Describe a blood plate let, and explain its function. Not Compete cells, they arise form very cells in the red bone marrow called megakaryocytes
Distinguish between low- density lipoprotein and high- density lipoprotein. Flow density lipoproteins have a relatively high concentration of cholesterol high density have a relatively high concentration of protein and lower concentration of lipids.
List the major leading to the formation of a blood a lot. First I release of biochemical from broken blood vessels or damage tissue triggers extrinsic clothing mechanism. The stimulate the intrinsic clothing mechanism.
Explain why a person with blood type AB is something called. A universal receipt
Because they lack both anti-A and –B antibodies, they can receive a transfusion of blood of any other type.
Review Exercises page 647 and 648
Describe the pericardium: The pericardium encloses the heart and the closer end of the blood vessels in which it is attached.
Identify and describe the locations of the chambers and the valves of the heart.Four hollows chambers, two on the left, two on the right.The upper chambers are called the atria, the lower are called the ventricles.The tricuspid valve is between the right atrium and the right ventricle. It allows the blood to move from the atrium into the ventricle and prevents it from moving backwards.The bicuspid valve prevents the blood from flowing back into the left atrium from the ventricle, it is located on the left.
Trace the path of the blood through the heartEnters through right atrium. Continues towards the right ventricle. Moves through the pulmonary valve and into the capillaries. Goes through pulmonary veins and heads out through the left atrium, next they head to the left ventricle. Last the pass through the aortic valve.
Explain the origin of heart sounds: heart sounds come from vibrations in heart tissue when blood moves through.
Describe the structure and function of a capillarythey are the smallest blood vessels and they connect the smallest arterioles and smallest venues. They also house the exchanges of gases, nutrients, and metabolic by-products between the blood and the tissue.
Describe the relationship between the major venous pathways and the major arterial pathways. Venous system begin with the merging of capillaries into venues, venues into small vain, and small vein into larger ones. Arterial pathways, however, those of the venous system are difficult to follow. Because the vessel commonly connect in irregular networks.
Review Exercises page 818
Distinguish between the upper and lower respiratory tracts.
The upper receives blood and the lower sends blood
Explain how the nose and nasal cavity filter incoming air. The internal hairs of the nostrils prevent large particles carried in the air from entering the nose.
Distinguish between the pharynx and the larynx.The pharynx is a passageway for food and air. The larynx is also a passageway for air moving in and out of the trachea. The larynx is inferior to the pharynx.
List the successive branches of the bronchial tree, from the primary bronchi to the alveoli.Starts with the right and left primary bronchi. Later it divides into secondary bronchi (lobar). Next it divides into tertiary bronchi (segmental). Next they turn into interlobular bronchioles. The next branch is the Terminal bronchioles. After there are the Respiratory bronchioles. After there are the Alveolar ducts. Then there are the Alveolar sacs. Finally there are the Alveoli.
Define surfactant, and explain its function: Surfactant is a mixture of lipoproteins, which are secreted into alveolar air spaces. It helps you breathe by making it easier for the alveoli to inflate.
Compare the mechanisms of coughing and sneezing, and explain the function of each.Coughing and sneezing are similar in the fact that they both clear passageways of foreign objects. Coughs force air upward from the lower respiratory tracts and Sneezes Force air upward from the upper respiratory tracts.
Explain the function of yawning. Yawning is used to help ventilate alveoli, it allows the blood to receive more oxygen.
Define hyperventilation, and explain how it affects the respiratory center. Hyperventilation lowers the blood carbon dioxide concentration below normal.After it takes longer for carbon dioxide to reach normal levels.
Describe how oxygen is transported in blood.Oxygen travels through the blood bound to hemoglobin. It later dissolves and mixes with hemoglobin.
List three factors that increase release of oxygen from the blood.Oxyhemoglobin increases the release of oxygen as the blood pH decreases.Also Increase in temperatureAnd also an increase in carbon dioxide acidity.
Describe a red blood cell. They are biconcave disks, which means that they are thin near their centers and thicker around their rims
Describe the life cycle of a red blood cell. In their early states they have nuclei then they become less and less achieve when they become less achieve the spleen and the liver remove them
List two source of iron that can be used for the synthesis of hemoglobin
Describe a blood plate let, and explain its function. Not Compete cells, they arise form very cells in the red bone marrow called megakaryocytes
Distinguish between low- density lipoprotein and high- density lipoprotein. Flow density lipoproteins have a relatively high concentration of cholesterol high density have a relatively high concentration of protein and lower concentration of lipids.
List the major leading to the formation of a blood a lot. First I release of biochemical from broken blood vessels or damage tissue triggers extrinsic clothing mechanism. The stimulate the intrinsic clothing mechanism.
Explain why a person with blood type AB is something called. A universal receipt
Because they lack both anti-A and –B antibodies, they can receive a transfusion of blood of any other type.
Review Exercises page 647 and 648
Describe the pericardium: The pericardium encloses the heart and the closer end of the blood vessels in which it is attached.
Identify and describe the locations of the chambers and the valves of the heart.Four hollows chambers, two on the left, two on the right.The upper chambers are called the atria, the lower are called the ventricles.The tricuspid valve is between the right atrium and the right ventricle. It allows the blood to move from the atrium into the ventricle and prevents it from moving backwards.The bicuspid valve prevents the blood from flowing back into the left atrium from the ventricle, it is located on the left.
Trace the path of the blood through the heartEnters through right atrium. Continues towards the right ventricle. Moves through the pulmonary valve and into the capillaries. Goes through pulmonary veins and heads out through the left atrium, next they head to the left ventricle. Last the pass through the aortic valve.
Explain the origin of heart sounds: heart sounds come from vibrations in heart tissue when blood moves through.
Describe the structure and function of a capillarythey are the smallest blood vessels and they connect the smallest arterioles and smallest venues. They also house the exchanges of gases, nutrients, and metabolic by-products between the blood and the tissue.
Describe the relationship between the major venous pathways and the major arterial pathways. Venous system begin with the merging of capillaries into venues, venues into small vain, and small vein into larger ones. Arterial pathways, however, those of the venous system are difficult to follow. Because the vessel commonly connect in irregular networks.
Review Exercises page 818
Distinguish between the upper and lower respiratory tracts.
The upper receives blood and the lower sends blood
Explain how the nose and nasal cavity filter incoming air. The internal hairs of the nostrils prevent large particles carried in the air from entering the nose.
Distinguish between the pharynx and the larynx.The pharynx is a passageway for food and air. The larynx is also a passageway for air moving in and out of the trachea. The larynx is inferior to the pharynx.
List the successive branches of the bronchial tree, from the primary bronchi to the alveoli.Starts with the right and left primary bronchi. Later it divides into secondary bronchi (lobar). Next it divides into tertiary bronchi (segmental). Next they turn into interlobular bronchioles. The next branch is the Terminal bronchioles. After there are the Respiratory bronchioles. After there are the Alveolar ducts. Then there are the Alveolar sacs. Finally there are the Alveoli.
Define surfactant, and explain its function: Surfactant is a mixture of lipoproteins, which are secreted into alveolar air spaces. It helps you breathe by making it easier for the alveoli to inflate.
Compare the mechanisms of coughing and sneezing, and explain the function of each.Coughing and sneezing are similar in the fact that they both clear passageways of foreign objects. Coughs force air upward from the lower respiratory tracts and Sneezes Force air upward from the upper respiratory tracts.
Explain the function of yawning. Yawning is used to help ventilate alveoli, it allows the blood to receive more oxygen.
Define hyperventilation, and explain how it affects the respiratory center. Hyperventilation lowers the blood carbon dioxide concentration below normal.After it takes longer for carbon dioxide to reach normal levels.
Describe how oxygen is transported in blood.Oxygen travels through the blood bound to hemoglobin. It later dissolves and mixes with hemoglobin.
List three factors that increase release of oxygen from the blood.Oxyhemoglobin increases the release of oxygen as the blood pH decreases.Also Increase in temperatureAnd also an increase in carbon dioxide acidity.
Tuesday, October 23, 2007
Monday, October 8, 2007
Basic Eye Anatomy Worksheet
Basic Eye Anatomy Worksheet
The eye is part of which nervous system? Peripheral
What types of tissues give the eye protection? Cornea
What structure in the eye produces tears? Lacrimal Glands
What acts as an antibacterial layer in the eye?
What is the cornea? Covering of the eye
What layer of the eye contains the rods and cones? Back of the eye
What is the function of the rods? The cones? Rod -Night black and white vision and Cones- Color vision
What is the colored part of the eye? Iris
What structure allows light to enter the eye? Pupil
Sketch picture of eye with following labeled: lacrimal glands, eyelashes, iris, pupil, cornea, lens, eyelid, sclera, choroids, optic nerve, and retina
The eye is part of which nervous system? Peripheral
What types of tissues give the eye protection? Cornea
What structure in the eye produces tears? Lacrimal Glands
What acts as an antibacterial layer in the eye?
What is the cornea? Covering of the eye
What layer of the eye contains the rods and cones? Back of the eye
What is the function of the rods? The cones? Rod -Night black and white vision and Cones- Color vision
What is the colored part of the eye? Iris
What structure allows light to enter the eye? Pupil
Sketch picture of eye with following labeled: lacrimal glands, eyelashes, iris, pupil, cornea, lens, eyelid, sclera, choroids, optic nerve, and retina
Thursday, October 4, 2007
Basic Nervous System Anatomy
Basic Nervous System Anatomy
What does CNS and PNS stand for? Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System
What are the parts of the CNS? Brain and spinal
Describe something that you do on a regular basis that your PNS controls. When we touch something hot
What are the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system and what does each control? Sympathetic and parasympathetic Nervous System
5. What are the three main types of neurons? What is the function of each? Sensory neuron - Receive impulses from the bodymotor neuron - neuron that is sent back to impulse to tell you how to react.Interneuron - transports impulses to the brain
6. What is the function of the axon of a nerve cell? The dendrite? Neural impulses are sent from the axon and end up at the dendrite.then synapse happens and it jumps to neuron.
7. What is a synapse? Conduction of an impulse from one neuron to another.
Sketch a neuron and label the axon and the dendrite.
What does CNS and PNS stand for? Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System
What are the parts of the CNS? Brain and spinal
Describe something that you do on a regular basis that your PNS controls. When we touch something hot
What are the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system and what does each control? Sympathetic and parasympathetic Nervous System
5. What are the three main types of neurons? What is the function of each? Sensory neuron - Receive impulses from the bodymotor neuron - neuron that is sent back to impulse to tell you how to react.Interneuron - transports impulses to the brain
6. What is the function of the axon of a nerve cell? The dendrite? Neural impulses are sent from the axon and end up at the dendrite.then synapse happens and it jumps to neuron.
7. What is a synapse? Conduction of an impulse from one neuron to another.
Sketch a neuron and label the axon and the dendrite.
Thursday, September 27, 2007
Skeletal Muscle Physiology Worksheet
Skeletal Muscle Physiology Worksheet
1. What percent of the body is smooth muscle? Striated muscle? 40% striated, 5% to 10% smooth
2. Name 3 types of muscle proteins. What is the function of each? Stroma protein- constitutes about 1/5 of the muscle protein. It functions solely as an inert structural element, or skeleton to hold structures in place.Cellular proteins- also comprise about 1/5 of the muscle protein it is not a muscle.Contractile proteins- Two types of protein myosin and actin, the constitute 35% and 15% of the total muscle.
3. What is a myofibril? Longitudinal striations in the muscle form transverse striations in the muscle.
4. Sketch a picture of a sarcomere. Label the I-band, the A-band, the Z line and the H-zone.
5. Name the two filaments that make up a sarcomere. Thin, thick
6. Draw a sarcomere at rest, stretched out and contracted.
7. What is the sliding filament theory? Cross-bridges
8. Muscle relaxation ensues upon the removal of what? Calcium ions.
1. What percent of the body is smooth muscle? Striated muscle? 40% striated, 5% to 10% smooth
2. Name 3 types of muscle proteins. What is the function of each? Stroma protein- constitutes about 1/5 of the muscle protein. It functions solely as an inert structural element, or skeleton to hold structures in place.Cellular proteins- also comprise about 1/5 of the muscle protein it is not a muscle.Contractile proteins- Two types of protein myosin and actin, the constitute 35% and 15% of the total muscle.
3. What is a myofibril? Longitudinal striations in the muscle form transverse striations in the muscle.
4. Sketch a picture of a sarcomere. Label the I-band, the A-band, the Z line and the H-zone.
5. Name the two filaments that make up a sarcomere. Thin, thick
6. Draw a sarcomere at rest, stretched out and contracted.
7. What is the sliding filament theory? Cross-bridges
8. Muscle relaxation ensues upon the removal of what? Calcium ions.
Basic Joint Anatomy Worksheet
1.Why is there little to no movement in a fibrus joint? A joint is a connection between any of the rigid components of the skeleton bones or cartilage.
The three classifications are
Fibrus joints
Cartilage joints
Synovial joints
2.What is an example of a fibrous joint? Structure which holds together the bones of the skull
3.Describe a cartilaginous joint and give an example. Are united be intervening fibocartiage ex: vertebra of the spinal column is jointed by intervertebra disk
4.What type of joint essentially allows free movement? Joints essentially allow free movement. Synovial joints
5.What lubricates a joint cavity? Lubricates a joint cavity
6. For the following joint types please list the name of the joint type, the type of movement of the joint, the shape of the joint and an example.
Plane joint -gliding and slipping, carpal bones in the hand
Hinge joint- irregular cylinder, elbow joint concave
Condylar joint- similar to a hinge joint, knee cap is
Ball and Socket joint- cap shaped cavity, shoulder joint, movement is possible
Ellipsoidal joint- oval kermits movement, wrist joint
Pivot joint –bone peg, elbow and wrist one bone can rotate
Saddle joint-western saddles, movement can occur, thumb
1.Why is there little to no movement in a fibrus joint? A joint is a connection between any of the rigid components of the skeleton bones or cartilage.
The three classifications are
Fibrus joints
Cartilage joints
Synovial joints
2.What is an example of a fibrous joint? Structure which holds together the bones of the skull
3.Describe a cartilaginous joint and give an example. Are united be intervening fibocartiage ex: vertebra of the spinal column is jointed by intervertebra disk
4.What type of joint essentially allows free movement? Joints essentially allow free movement. Synovial joints
5.What lubricates a joint cavity? Lubricates a joint cavity
6. For the following joint types please list the name of the joint type, the type of movement of the joint, the shape of the joint and an example.
Plane joint -gliding and slipping, carpal bones in the hand
Hinge joint- irregular cylinder, elbow joint concave
Condylar joint- similar to a hinge joint, knee cap is
Ball and Socket joint- cap shaped cavity, shoulder joint, movement is possible
Ellipsoidal joint- oval kermits movement, wrist joint
Pivot joint –bone peg, elbow and wrist one bone can rotate
Saddle joint-western saddles, movement can occur, thumb
Basic Skeletal anatomy worksheet
Basic skeletal anatomy worksheet
1. Describe the 4 functions of bones. Supports the body, protects inwards, provide place for muscle attachment, and blood cell production
2. How many bones are there in the human body? 206 bones
3. What are the two divisions of the skeletal system? Name 5 specific bones in each division. The axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton
4. What bone makes up the upper arm? scapula
5. What bone makes up the face? skull
6. Name two bones that protect vital internal organs.
7. What bone in the forearm is always on thumb side? ulna
8. What bone is movable for back muscles to attach to?
9. What bone is also known as the shinbone? fibula
Sketch a human skeleton and label the following bones: skull, clavicle, sternum, humorous, radius, ulna, patella, femur, tibia, fibula, pelvis, vertebral column, scapula and rib cage.
1. Describe the 4 functions of bones. Supports the body, protects inwards, provide place for muscle attachment, and blood cell production
2. How many bones are there in the human body? 206 bones
3. What are the two divisions of the skeletal system? Name 5 specific bones in each division. The axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton
4. What bone makes up the upper arm? scapula
5. What bone makes up the face? skull
6. Name two bones that protect vital internal organs.
7. What bone in the forearm is always on thumb side? ulna
8. What bone is movable for back muscles to attach to?
9. What bone is also known as the shinbone? fibula
Sketch a human skeleton and label the following bones: skull, clavicle, sternum, humorous, radius, ulna, patella, femur, tibia, fibula, pelvis, vertebral column, scapula and rib cage.
Thursday, September 13, 2007
Monday, September 10, 2007
Organization of the human Body system
Explain the difference between anatomy and physiology. Anatomy is the study of the structure of the body parts. Physiology is the study of the function of the function of the body
Please organize the following structures in order from smallest too largest: system, tissue, organ, and cell. Atom, molecules, organelles, cells, tissue, and organ system
In the term physiology the suffix -logy means what?
What is the type of membrane that lines all of the passages leading the exterior? Mucous membrane
What do you call a mass of cells that all perform the same function? Organs
What type of tissue is specialized for the conduction of nerve impulses?
The term epidermis contains a prefix and a root term. What is the root in this word and what does it mean? What is the prefix in this word and what does it mean? The epidermis is the epithelial sheets of the cutanous membrane
The term cavity appears frequently in this lesson. What does it mean? A whole
Name the four main types of tissue and describe their function. Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, and Nerve
A cell is made of __Cytoplasm except for the nucleus, which is made of ___Proton and neutrons.
What type of membrane lines joint cavities and outer surfaces of bones? Fibrous membrane
What is an organ system? Masses of cells which are specialized for certain function from the basic tissues of the body
Name the five types of membranes and where each is located. Cutaneous, Mucous, Serous, Fibrous, and Fasica
What is the function of the cell membrane? The nucleus? Layer of epithelial and connective tissue from a membrane3
The cutaneous membrane is made of two distinct layers. Name each of these layers and describe what they are made of. Protection- covers the entire body, acts as an antibacterial layer. Also protects the skin from drying and injury. Heat Regulation- helps retain body heat as well as losing body heat through perspiration thus cooling the body
Please organize the following structures in order from smallest too largest: system, tissue, organ, and cell. Atom, molecules, organelles, cells, tissue, and organ system
In the term physiology the suffix -logy means what?
What is the type of membrane that lines all of the passages leading the exterior? Mucous membrane
What do you call a mass of cells that all perform the same function? Organs
What type of tissue is specialized for the conduction of nerve impulses?
The term epidermis contains a prefix and a root term. What is the root in this word and what does it mean? What is the prefix in this word and what does it mean? The epidermis is the epithelial sheets of the cutanous membrane
The term cavity appears frequently in this lesson. What does it mean? A whole
Name the four main types of tissue and describe their function. Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, and Nerve
A cell is made of __Cytoplasm except for the nucleus, which is made of ___Proton and neutrons.
What type of membrane lines joint cavities and outer surfaces of bones? Fibrous membrane
What is an organ system? Masses of cells which are specialized for certain function from the basic tissues of the body
Name the five types of membranes and where each is located. Cutaneous, Mucous, Serous, Fibrous, and Fasica
What is the function of the cell membrane? The nucleus? Layer of epithelial and connective tissue from a membrane3
The cutaneous membrane is made of two distinct layers. Name each of these layers and describe what they are made of. Protection- covers the entire body, acts as an antibacterial layer. Also protects the skin from drying and injury. Heat Regulation- helps retain body heat as well as losing body heat through perspiration thus cooling the body
Study question in Anatomy Text
Chapter 2 14-15
Distinguish between the study of anatomy and the study of Physiology. Anatomy is the study of the structure of the body parts. Physiology is the function of the body parts.
Give an example that shows the relationship between the structure and function of the body parts. Stomach because its hollow and food have to go through
List the levels of the organization within the human body in reference to specific organs. Atom, molecules, macromolecules, organelles, tissue, organ, organ system.
Distinguish between a midsagittal cut, a transverse cut, and a frontal cut. Midsagittal (vertical), Transverse ( horizontal), Frontal (corneal)
Distinguish between the dorsal and ventral body cavities, and name two smaller cavities that occur within each. Dorsal is the back and ventral is the front. The two smallest are cranial cavity and spinal cavity.
10. Define homeostasis, and explain its importance. Homeostasis means that are the human body internal environment remain relatively constant, regardless of the condition in the external environment
Objective question part IV and part V
Digestive system- stomach
Urinary system- kidneys
Respiratory system - lungs
Circulatory system - Heart
Reproductive system - ovaries
Nervous system- brain
Endocrine system – thyroid gland
8. A organs is composed of several types of tissue and performs a particular function
The imaginary plane that passes through the medline of the body is called the plane
All organs systems of the body together function to maintain , a relative constancy of the internal environment.
Medical Terminology Reinforcement Exercise
Suprapubic- situated, occurring, or performed from above the pubis
Infraorbital- situated beneath the orbit
Gastrectomy means excision of the stomach
Celiotomy means incision of the abdomen
Macrocephalus means large person or skull
Transthoracic means
Study question
Describe the structure and function of endoplasmic reticular Endoplasmic reticular forms membranous system of tubular canals and throughout the cytoplasm
Describe the structure and function of the Golgi apparatus. Mention vesicle and lysomomes in your description
Describe the structure of mitochondria mention the energy molecules ATP in yoyr description. It produces ATP molecules, burns glucose to produce ATP.
Contrast passive transport (diffusion, osmosis, and filtration) with active transport of molecules across the membrane. Active is movement that requires energy, passive just happens on it own.
Objective Question
1.Packing and secretion- golgi apparatus
2. Cell division- centriole
3. Powerhouse of the cell- Mitochondria
4. Protein synthesis- Rough ER
Control center of the cell-Nucleus
Objective Question
What is tissue-a group of similar cells that perform a specialized function
What are the function of epithelia tissue, and give location for each- protect the body from drying out, injury, and bacteria invasion
Distinguish between the study of anatomy and the study of Physiology. Anatomy is the study of the structure of the body parts. Physiology is the function of the body parts.
Give an example that shows the relationship between the structure and function of the body parts. Stomach because its hollow and food have to go through
List the levels of the organization within the human body in reference to specific organs. Atom, molecules, macromolecules, organelles, tissue, organ, organ system.
Distinguish between a midsagittal cut, a transverse cut, and a frontal cut. Midsagittal (vertical), Transverse ( horizontal), Frontal (corneal)
Distinguish between the dorsal and ventral body cavities, and name two smaller cavities that occur within each. Dorsal is the back and ventral is the front. The two smallest are cranial cavity and spinal cavity.
10. Define homeostasis, and explain its importance. Homeostasis means that are the human body internal environment remain relatively constant, regardless of the condition in the external environment
Objective question part IV and part V
Digestive system- stomach
Urinary system- kidneys
Respiratory system - lungs
Circulatory system - Heart
Reproductive system - ovaries
Nervous system- brain
Endocrine system – thyroid gland
8. A organs is composed of several types of tissue and performs a particular function
The imaginary plane that passes through the medline of the body is called the plane
All organs systems of the body together function to maintain , a relative constancy of the internal environment.
Medical Terminology Reinforcement Exercise
Suprapubic- situated, occurring, or performed from above the pubis
Infraorbital- situated beneath the orbit
Gastrectomy means excision of the stomach
Celiotomy means incision of the abdomen
Macrocephalus means large person or skull
Transthoracic means
Study question
Describe the structure and function of endoplasmic reticular Endoplasmic reticular forms membranous system of tubular canals and throughout the cytoplasm
Describe the structure and function of the Golgi apparatus. Mention vesicle and lysomomes in your description
Describe the structure of mitochondria mention the energy molecules ATP in yoyr description. It produces ATP molecules, burns glucose to produce ATP.
Contrast passive transport (diffusion, osmosis, and filtration) with active transport of molecules across the membrane. Active is movement that requires energy, passive just happens on it own.
Objective Question
1.Packing and secretion- golgi apparatus
2. Cell division- centriole
3. Powerhouse of the cell- Mitochondria
4. Protein synthesis- Rough ER
Control center of the cell-Nucleus
Objective Question
What is tissue-a group of similar cells that perform a specialized function
What are the function of epithelia tissue, and give location for each- protect the body from drying out, injury, and bacteria invasion
Monday, August 27, 2007
drills on diction sheet
1. Adip
Adipose
Fatty; consisting of, resembling, or relating to fat
The girl that is standing there is adipose
2. Bio
Biopsy
The removal for diagnostic study of a piece of tissue from a living body
The person was so big they took biopsy from him
3. Capit
Decapitate
To cut off the head of; behead
Many people were decapitated during the French revolution
4. Cephal
Cephalad
Towards the head or anterior section
The ball hot the man near the Cephalad
5. Corp
Corpus
A large or complete collection of writing
The entire corpus of old English poetry
6. Crani
Cranium
The skull of a vertebrate
The man had to go to the hospital and get a cranium
7. Dent
Dental
Have or pertaining to the teeth
I had to get a dental in my mouth when I was eight
8. Hist
Histology
The branch of biology dealing with the study of tissue
9. Later
Lateral
Of pertaining to the side
The man hurt his lateral part of his body when he crashed
10. Ocul
Oculist
A physician who treats disease of the eye;
You have to go to the oculist when something wrong with your eye
11. Oste
Osteoblast
A bone- forming cell
After I broke my finger I had to wait to it osteoblast
12. Phag
Phagocyte
Any cell as a macrophage that ingest and destroyed foreign particles, bacteria, and cell debris
13. Pleur
Plaice Circulars
The numerous permanent erescentic fold of mucous membrane found in the small intense especially in the lower part of the Duodenum
14. Quad
Quadriceps
A large muscle in the front of the thigh
If you don’t stretch before running you will most likely pull your Quadriceps
15. Stern
Sternum
The ventral surface of a body segment of an arthropod
16. Ab
Abduct
To carry off or lead away illegally and in secret or by force
17. Ad
Adenoid
Usually, adenoids enlarge mass of lymphoid tissue in the upper Pharynx
18. Angi
Angiograph
X-ray examination of the blood vessels or lymphatic following injection of a radiopaque substance
The man had to go to the hospital because of Angiograph
19. Auto
Autograph
A tissue or organ that is grafted into a new position on the body
When you scare yourself up you have to wait autograph
20. Centi
Centimeter
One 100th of a meter, equiavalent to 0,3937 inch
I measured the bug with Centimeter
21. Circum
Circumflex
Consisting of indicated by, or bearing the mark
22. Dextro
Dextrad
Towards the right side
23. Ex
Excision
The act or removal; an excusing
24. Epi
Epigastric
Lying upon, distributed over, or pertaining to the epigastrium
25. Inter
Internal
Between the kidney; as the internal body, an organ found in many fishes
26. Non
Nonviable
Not capable of living, growing, and developing, as an embryo seed, or plant
27. Ortho
Orthopedic
Have or pertaining to orthopedic
28. Path
Pathology
The science or the study of the origin, nature, and course of disease
29.
Adipose
Fatty; consisting of, resembling, or relating to fat
The girl that is standing there is adipose
2. Bio
Biopsy
The removal for diagnostic study of a piece of tissue from a living body
The person was so big they took biopsy from him
3. Capit
Decapitate
To cut off the head of; behead
Many people were decapitated during the French revolution
4. Cephal
Cephalad
Towards the head or anterior section
The ball hot the man near the Cephalad
5. Corp
Corpus
A large or complete collection of writing
The entire corpus of old English poetry
6. Crani
Cranium
The skull of a vertebrate
The man had to go to the hospital and get a cranium
7. Dent
Dental
Have or pertaining to the teeth
I had to get a dental in my mouth when I was eight
8. Hist
Histology
The branch of biology dealing with the study of tissue
9. Later
Lateral
Of pertaining to the side
The man hurt his lateral part of his body when he crashed
10. Ocul
Oculist
A physician who treats disease of the eye;
You have to go to the oculist when something wrong with your eye
11. Oste
Osteoblast
A bone- forming cell
After I broke my finger I had to wait to it osteoblast
12. Phag
Phagocyte
Any cell as a macrophage that ingest and destroyed foreign particles, bacteria, and cell debris
13. Pleur
Plaice Circulars
The numerous permanent erescentic fold of mucous membrane found in the small intense especially in the lower part of the Duodenum
14. Quad
Quadriceps
A large muscle in the front of the thigh
If you don’t stretch before running you will most likely pull your Quadriceps
15. Stern
Sternum
The ventral surface of a body segment of an arthropod
16. Ab
Abduct
To carry off or lead away illegally and in secret or by force
17. Ad
Adenoid
Usually, adenoids enlarge mass of lymphoid tissue in the upper Pharynx
18. Angi
Angiograph
X-ray examination of the blood vessels or lymphatic following injection of a radiopaque substance
The man had to go to the hospital because of Angiograph
19. Auto
Autograph
A tissue or organ that is grafted into a new position on the body
When you scare yourself up you have to wait autograph
20. Centi
Centimeter
One 100th of a meter, equiavalent to 0,3937 inch
I measured the bug with Centimeter
21. Circum
Circumflex
Consisting of indicated by, or bearing the mark
22. Dextro
Dextrad
Towards the right side
23. Ex
Excision
The act or removal; an excusing
24. Epi
Epigastric
Lying upon, distributed over, or pertaining to the epigastrium
25. Inter
Internal
Between the kidney; as the internal body, an organ found in many fishes
26. Non
Nonviable
Not capable of living, growing, and developing, as an embryo seed, or plant
27. Ortho
Orthopedic
Have or pertaining to orthopedic
28. Path
Pathology
The science or the study of the origin, nature, and course of disease
29.
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